The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
James I of Aragon
Spain
1224–1264
Sancho II of Portugal
Portugal
1224–1247
Henry III of England
England
1224–1264
Louis IX of France
France
1226–1264
Kujō Yoritsune
Japan (Shogunate)
1226–1244
Afonso III of Portugal
Portugal
1248–1264
Erik Eriksson
Sweden
1234–1250
Prince Munetaka
Japan (Shogunate)
1252–1264
John III Doukas Vatatzes
Rome
1224–1254
Ferdinand III of Castille
Spain
1224–1230
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1224–1250
Alexander II of Scotland
Scotland
1224–1249
Alexander III of Scotland
Scotland
1249–1264
Emperor Go-Fukakusa
Japan
1246–1260
Pope Gregory IX
Papacy
1227–1241
Valdemar, King of Sweden
Sweden
1250–1264
Pope Innocent IV
Papacy
1243–1254
Emperor Shijō
Japan
1232–1242
Emperor Go-Horikawa
Japan
1224–1232
Louis VIII of France
France
1224–1226
Emperor Aizong of Jin
China
1224–1234
Theodore II Laskaris
Rome
1254–1258
Michael VIII Palaiologos
Rome
1261–1264
John IV Laskaris
Rome
1259–1262
Pope Alexander IV
Papacy
1254–1261
Emperor Kameyama
Japan
1260–1264
Emperor Go-Saga
Japan
1242–1246
Pope Urban IV
Papacy
1261–1264
Knut Långe
Sweden
1229–1234
Pope Honorius III
Papacy
1224–1227
Kujō Yoritsugu
Japan (Shogunate)
1244–1252
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
By subscribing you agree to receive emails from us. See our Privacy Policy. Unsubscribe any time.