Recommended read
A History of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire
A. R. Disney
Sancho II the Pious, civil war and exile before his brother Afonso III took the throne.
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
James I of Aragon
Spain
1213–1276
Kujō Yoritsune
Japan (Shogunate)
1226–1244
Henry III of England
England
1216–1272
Erik Eriksson
Sweden
1222–1229; 1234–1250
John III Doukas Vatatzes
Rome
1221–1254
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1220–1250
Emperor Lizong of Song
China
1224–1264
Alexander II of Scotland
Scotland
1214–1249
Louis IX of France
France
1226–1270
Ferdinand III of Castille
Spain
1217–1230
Pope Gregory IX
Papacy
1227–1241
Emperor Go-Horikawa
Japan
1221–1232
Emperor Shijō
Japan
1232–1242
Emperor Aizong of Jin
China
1224–1234
Louis VIII of France
France
1223–1226
Emperor Ningzong of Song
China
1194–1224
Emperor Go-Saga
Japan
1242–1246
Pope Innocent IV
Papacy
1243–1254
Pope Honorius III
Papacy
1216–1227
Knut Långe
Sweden
1229–1234
Emperor Go-Fukakusa
Japan
1246–1260
Kujō Yoritsugu
Japan (Shogunate)
1244–1252
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Go deeper on Sancho II of Portugal
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.
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