The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
James I of Aragon
Spain
1216–1227
Ferdinand III of Castille
Spain
1217–1227
Afonso II of Portugal
Portugal
1216–1223
Henry III of England
England
1216–1227
Johan Sverkersson
Sweden
1216–1222
Alexander II of Scotland
Scotland
1216–1227
Erik Eriksson
Sweden
1222–1227
Sancho II of Portugal
Portugal
1223–1227
Emperor Ningzong of Song
China
1216–1224
Minamoto no Sanetomo
Japan (Shogunate)
1216–1219
Philip II of France
France
1216–1223
Kujō Yoritsune
Japan (Shogunate)
1226–1227
Emperor Xuanzong of Jin
China
1216–1224
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1220–1227
Theodore I Laskaris
Rome
1216–1222
John III Doukas Vatatzes
Rome
1221–1227
Emperor Go-Horikawa
Japan
1221–1227
Louis VIII of France
France
1223–1226
Emperor Juntoku
Japan
1216–1221
Emperor Lizong of Song
China
1224–1227
Emperor Aizong of Jin
China
1224–1227
Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1216–1218
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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