The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
James I of Aragon
Spain
1261–1276
Afonso III of Portugal
Portugal
1261–1279
Kublai Khan
China
1271–1282
Edward I of England
England
1272–1282
Alexander III of Scotland
Scotland
1261–1282
Prince Munetaka
Japan (Shogunate)
1261–1266
Denis I of Portugal
Portugal
1279–1282
Philip III of France
France
1270–1282
Pope Martin IV
Papacy
1281–1282
Henry III of England
England
1261–1272
Emperor Kameyama
Japan
1261–1274
Emperor Duzong of Song
China
1264–1274
Louis IX of France
France
1261–1270
Valdemar, King of Sweden
Sweden
1261–1275
Anna of Hungary
Rome
1273–1281
Emperor Go-Uda
Japan
1274–1282
Magnus III of Sweden
Sweden
1275–1282
Emperor Lizong of Song
China
1261–1264
Emperor Duanzong of Song
China
1276–1278
Pope Gregory X
Papacy
1271–1276
Emperor Gong of Song
China
1274–1276
Pope Clement IV
Papacy
1265–1268
Pope Urban IV
Papacy
1261–1264
Pope Nicholas III
Papacy
1277–1280
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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