The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
John I of Portugal
Portugal
1385–1422
Ashikaga Yoshimochi
Japan (Shogunate)
1395–1422
Bayezid I
Ottoman Empire
1389–1402
Henry V of England
England
1413–1422
Ashikaga Yoshimitsu
Japan (Shogunate)
1380–1395
Murad I
Ottoman Empire
1380–1389
Mehmed I
Ottoman Empire
1413–1421
Manuel II Palaiologos
Rome
1391–1422
Ferdinand I of Portugal
Portugal
1380–1383
Yongle Emperor
China
1402–1422
Richard II of England
England
1380–1399
Erik of Pomerania
Sweden
1396–1422
Hongwu Emperor
China
1380–1398
Margaret I of Denmark
Sweden
1389–1412
Emperor Go-Komatsu
Japan
1392–1412
Henry IV of England
England
1399–1413
Martin of Aragon
Spain
1396–1410
James I of Scotland
Scotland
1406–1422
Robert III of Scotland
Scotland
1390–1406
Pope Boniface IX
Papacy
1389–1404
John I of Aragon
Spain
1387–1396
John V Palaiologos
Rome
1380–1390
Irene Gattilusio
Rome
1399–1408
Alfonso V of Aragon
Spain
1416–1422
Robert II of Scotland
Scotland
1380–1390
Peter IV of Aragon
Spain
1380–1387
Emperor Shōkō
Japan
1412–1422
Emperor Go-Kameyama
Japan
1383–1392
Pope Urban VI
Papacy
1380–1389
Jianwen Emperor
China
1398–1402
Ferdinand I of Aragon
Spain
1412–1416
Andronikos V Palaiologos
Rome
1403–1407
Pope Gregory XII
Papacy
1406–1415
Albert, King of Sweden
Sweden
1380–1389
Pope Martin V
Papacy
1417–1422
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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