
A History of Medieval Spain
Joseph F. O'Callaghan
Peter IV the Ceremonious, perhaps the greatest medieval king of Aragon.

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Edward III of England
England
1336–1377

Orhan
Ottoman Empire
1336–1362

Murad I
Ottoman Empire
1362–1387

Afonso IV of Portugal
Portugal
1336–1357

Ashikaga Takauji
Japan (Shogunate)
1338–1358

Ashikaga Yoshimitsu
Japan (Shogunate)
1369–1387

Ferdinand I of Portugal
Portugal
1367–1383

John V Palaiologos
Rome
1341–1376

Peter I of Portugal
Portugal
1357–1367

Ashikaga Yoshiakira
Japan (Shogunate)
1358–1367

Toghon Temür
China
1336–1368

David II of Scotland
Scotland
1336–1371

Emperor Go-Murakami
Japan
1339–1368

Charles IV
Holy Roman Empire
1355–1378

Hongwu Emperor
China
1368–1387

Charles V of France
France
1364–1380

Magnus IV of Sweden
Sweden
1336–1364

Philip VI of France
France
1336–1350

John II of France
France
1350–1364

Albert, King of Sweden
Sweden
1364–1387

Emperor Go-Kōgon
Japan
1352–1371
Robert II of Scotland
Scotland
1371–1387

Richard II of England
England
1377–1387

Emperor Chōkei
Japan
1368–1383

Charles VI of France
France
1380–1387

Louis IV of Bavaria
Holy Roman Empire
1336–1347

John VI Kantakouzenos
Rome
1347–1354

Emperor Go-En'yū
Japan
1371–1382

Pope Clement VI
Papacy
1342–1352

Andronikos III Palaiologos
Rome
1336–1341

Pope Innocent VI
Papacy
1353–1362

Pope Urban VI
Papacy
1378–1387

Andronikos IV Palaiologos
Rome
1376–1379

Pope Urban V
Papacy
1362–1370

Pope Gregory XI
Papacy
1371–1378
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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Well-regarded biographies and histories to go deeper on Peter IV of Aragon's life and times.

Joseph F. O'Callaghan
Peter IV the Ceremonious, perhaps the greatest medieval king of Aragon.
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