Irene Gattilusio

Reign: 1399 – 1408
Life: 1301–1440

She was a daughter of Francesco II of Lesbos (a maternal grandson of Andronikos III Palaiologos) and Valentina Doria. John VII had deposed his paternal grandfather, John V Palaiologos , in 1390. His grandfather died the following year, and was succeeded by Manuel II Palaiologos , a paternal uncle of John VII. Bayezid lifted the siege in 1402 when Timur , founder of the Timurid dynasty , invaded Anatolia and the Ottoman Empire had to defend itself.

During Irene Gattilusio's reign, John I of Portugal ruled Portugal, Ashikaga Yoshimochi ruled Japan (Shogunate), and Charles VI of France ruled France.

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SPQR: A History of Ancient Rome by Mary Beard

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The World During Their Reign

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

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SPQR: A History of Ancient Rome

Mary Beard

Beard's acclaimed introduction to Roman politics and emperors, readable and wide-ranging.

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