
A History of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire
A. R. Disney
Ferdinand I the Handsome, plague, succession crisis, and the road to the 1383–85 crisis.

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Murad I
Ottoman Empire
1367–1383

Ashikaga Yoshimitsu
Japan (Shogunate)
1369–1383

Edward III of England
England
1367–1377

Peter IV of Aragon
Spain
1367–1383

Hongwu Emperor
China
1368–1383

Charles V of France
France
1367–1380

Albert, King of Sweden
Sweden
1367–1383

Emperor Chōkei
Japan
1368–1383
Robert II of Scotland
Scotland
1371–1383

Charles IV
Holy Roman Empire
1367–1378

Emperor Go-En'yū
Japan
1371–1382

John V Palaiologos
Rome
1367–1376

Richard II of England
England
1377–1383

Pope Gregory XI
Papacy
1371–1378

Charles VI of France
France
1380–1383

Pope Urban VI
Papacy
1378–1383

David II of Scotland
Scotland
1367–1371

Emperor Go-Kōgon
Japan
1367–1371

Andronikos IV Palaiologos
Rome
1376–1379

Pope Urban V
Papacy
1367–1370

Toghon Temür
China
1367–1368

Emperor Go-Murakami
Japan
1367–1368

Emperor Go-Kameyama
Japan
1383–1383
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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Well-regarded biographies and histories to go deeper on Ferdinand I of Portugal's life and times.

A. R. Disney
Ferdinand I the Handsome, plague, succession crisis, and the road to the 1383–85 crisis.
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