
Recommended read
A History of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire
A. R. Disney
Ferdinand I the Handsome, plague, succession crisis, and the road to the 1383–85 crisis.

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Murad I
Ottoman Empire
1362–1389

Ashikaga Yoshimitsu
Japan (Shogunate)
1369–1395

Edward III of England
England
1327–1377

Peter IV of Aragon
Spain
1336–1387

Hongwu Emperor
China
1368–1398

Charles V of France
France
1364–1380

Albert, King of Sweden
Sweden
1364–1389

Emperor Chōkei
Japan
1368–1383
Robert II of Scotland
Scotland
1371–1390

Charles IV
Holy Roman Empire
1355–1378

Emperor Go-En'yū
Japan
1371–1382

John V Palaiologos
Rome
1341–1376; 1379–1390; 1390–1391

Richard II of England
England
1377–1399

Pope Gregory XI
Papacy
1371–1378

Charles VI of France
France
1380–1422

Pope Urban VI
Papacy
1378–1389

David II of Scotland
Scotland
1329–1371

Emperor Go-Kōgon
Japan
1352–1371

Andronikos IV Palaiologos
Rome
1376–1379

Pope Urban V
Papacy
1362–1370

Toghon Temür
China
1333–1368

Emperor Go-Murakami
Japan
1339–1368

Emperor Go-Kameyama
Japan
1383–1392
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.

Recommended read
A. R. Disney
Ferdinand I the Handsome, plague, succession crisis, and the road to the 1383–85 crisis.
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