The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Jahangir I
Mughal Empire
1611–1627
James VI and I
England
1611–1625
Ahmed I
Ottoman Empire
1611–1617
Charles I of England
England
1625–1629
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
Sweden
1611–1629
Louis XIII of France
France
1617–1629
Shah Jahan
Mughal Empire
1628–1629
James VI and I
Scotland
1611–1625
Tokugawa Hidetada
Japan (Shogunate)
1611–1623
Philip III of Spain
Spain
1611–1621
Wanli Emperor
China
1611–1620
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1619–1629
Philip IV of Spain
Spain
1621–1629
Philip III of Spain
Portugal
1611–1621
Pope Paul V
Papacy
1611–1621
Tianqi Emperor
China
1620–1627
Philip IV of Spain
Portugal
1621–1629
Murad IV
Ottoman Empire
1623–1629
Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1612–1619
Tokugawa Iemitsu
Japan (Shogunate)
1623–1629
Osman II
Ottoman Empire
1618–1622
Pope Urban VIII
Papacy
1623–1629
Charles I of England
Scotland
1625–1629
Mustafa I
Ottoman Empire
1622–1623
Pope Gregory XV
Papacy
1621–1623
Chongzhen Emperor
China
1627–1629
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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