The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Charles I of England
England
1627–1644
Shah Jahan
Mughal Empire
1628–1644
Philip IV of Spain
Spain
1627–1644
Louis XIII of France
France
1627–1643
Charles I of England
Scotland
1627–1644
Tokugawa Iemitsu
Japan (Shogunate)
1627–1644
Pope Urban VIII
Papacy
1627–1644
Murad IV
Ottoman Empire
1627–1640
Empress Meishō
Japan
1629–1643
Louis XIV of France
France
1643–1644
Philip IV of Spain
Portugal
1627–1640
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1627–1637
Christina, Queen of Sweden
Sweden
1632–1644
Hong Taiji
China
1636–1643
Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1637–1644
Ibrahim I
Ottoman Empire
1640–1644
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
Sweden
1627–1632
John IV of Portugal
Portugal
1640–1644
Emperor Go-Mizunoo
Japan
1627–1629
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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