Philip of Spain
Henry Kamen
Kamen on Philip III and the validos, continuity and decline after the age of Philip II.
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
James VI and I
England
1603–1621
Jahangir I
Mughal Empire
1605–1621
Ahmed I
Ottoman Empire
1603–1617
Philip III of Spain
Spain
1598–1621
Wanli Emperor
China
1598–1620
Akbar
Mughal Empire
1598–1605
James VI and I
Scotland
1598–1621
Mehmed III
Ottoman Empire
1598–1603
Elizabeth I of England
England
1598–1603
Tokugawa Hidetada
Japan (Shogunate)
1605–1621
Pope Paul V
Papacy
1605–1621
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Japan (Shogunate)
1603–1605
Henry IV of France
France
1598–1610
Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1598–1612
Emperor Go-Yōzei
Japan
1598–1611
Louis XIII of France
France
1610–1617
Emperor Go-Mizunoo
Japan
1611–1621
Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1612–1619
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
Sweden
1611–1621
Pope Clement VIII
Papacy
1598–1605
Charles IX of Sweden
Sweden
1604–1611
Osman II
Ottoman Empire
1618–1621
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1619–1621
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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Further Reading
Well-regarded biographies and histories to go deeper on Philip III of Spain's life and times.
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