The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
James VI and I
England
1621–1623
Jahangir I
Mughal Empire
1621–1623
Louis XIII of France
France
1621–1623
Tianqi Emperor
China
1621–1623
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1621–1623
Philip IV of Spain
Spain
1621–1623
James VI and I
Scotland
1621–1623
Emperor Go-Mizunoo
Japan
1621–1623
Tokugawa Hidetada
Japan (Shogunate)
1621–1623
Philip IV of Spain
Portugal
1621–1623
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
Sweden
1621–1623
Mustafa I
Ottoman Empire
1622–1623
Osman II
Ottoman Empire
1621–1622
Tokugawa Iemitsu
Japan (Shogunate)
1623–1623
Philip III of Spain
Spain
1621–1621
Philip III of Spain
Portugal
1621–1621
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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