
Recommended read
Osman's Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire 1300–1923
Caroline Finkel
Murad IV's brutal restoration of central authority in the mid-seventeenth century.

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Charles I of England
England
1625–1649

Shah Jahan
Mughal Empire
1628–1658

Louis XIII of France
France
1610–1617; 1617–1643

Philip IV of Spain
Spain
1621–1665

Tokugawa Iemitsu
Japan (Shogunate)
1623–1651

Philip IV of Spain
Portugal
1621–1640

Pope Urban VIII
Papacy
1623–1644

Jahangir I
Mughal Empire
1605–1627

Charles I of England
Scotland
1625–1649

Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1619–1637

James VI and I
England
1603–1625
Chongzhen Emperor
China
1627–1644

Empress Meishō
Japan
1629–1643

Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
Sweden
1611–1632

Emperor Go-Mizunoo
Japan
1611–1629

Christina, Queen of Sweden
Sweden
1632–1654

Tianqi Emperor
China
1620–1627

Hong Taiji
China
1636–1643

Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1637–1657

James VI and I
Scotland
1587–1625
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.

Recommended read
Caroline Finkel
Murad IV's brutal restoration of central authority in the mid-seventeenth century.

Caroline Finkel
A modern narrative history of the sultans and the empire they ruled for six centuries.
Find on Amazon
Jason Goodwin
A lyrical, readable introduction to Ottoman court life, conquest, and decline.
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