The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Charles I of England
England
1636–1643
Shah Jahan
Mughal Empire
1636–1643
Louis XIII of France
France
1636–1643
Philip IV of Spain
Spain
1636–1643
Charles I of England
Scotland
1636–1643
Empress Meishō
Japan
1636–1643
Tokugawa Iemitsu
Japan (Shogunate)
1636–1643
Pope Urban VIII
Papacy
1636–1643
Chongzhen Emperor
China
1636–1643
Christina, Queen of Sweden
Sweden
1636–1643
Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1637–1643
Louis XIV of France
France
1643–1643
Murad IV
Ottoman Empire
1636–1640
Philip IV of Spain
Portugal
1636–1640
Ibrahim I
Ottoman Empire
1640–1643
John IV of Portugal
Portugal
1640–1643
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1636–1637
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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