The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Louis XIV of France
France
1687–1709
Kangxi Emperor
China
1687–1709
Aurangzeb
Mughal Empire
1687–1707
Charles II of Spain
Spain
1687–1700
Frederick I of Prussia
Prussia
1701–1709
Tokugawa Tsunayoshi
Japan (Shogunate)
1687–1709
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1687–1705
Peter II of Portugal
Portugal
1687–1706
Bahadur Shah I
Mughal Empire
1707–1709
William III of England
England
1689–1702
Mustafa II
Ottoman Empire
1695–1703
Charles XII of Sweden
Sweden
1697–1709
Pope Innocent XII
Papacy
1691–1700
Mary II of England
England
1689–1694
Charles XI of Sweden
Sweden
1687–1697
Pope Clement XI
Papacy
1700–1709
Ahmed III
Ottoman Empire
1703–1709
William III of England
Scotland
1694–1702
Anne, Queen of Great Britain
England
1702–1707
Philip V of Spain
Spain
1700–1706
Mary II of England
Scotland
1689–1694
Suleiman II
Ottoman Empire
1687–1691
Ahmed II
Ottoman Empire
1691–1695
Anne, Queen of Great Britain
Scotland
1702–1707
Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor
Spain
1706–1709
Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1705–1709
Anne, Queen of Great Britain
Great Britain
1707–1709
James II of England
England
1687–1688
John V of Portugal
Portugal
1706–1709
James II of England
Scotland
1687–1688
Pope Innocent XI
Papacy
1687–1689
Pope Alexander VIII
Papacy
1689–1691
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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