The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Louis XIV of France
France
1691–1695
Aurangzeb
Mughal Empire
1691–1695
Kangxi Emperor
China
1691–1695
Charles II of Spain
Spain
1691–1695
William III of England
England
1691–1695
Mary II of England
England
1691–1694
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1691–1695
Emperor Higashiyama
Japan
1691–1695
Mary II of England
Scotland
1691–1694
Tokugawa Tsunayoshi
Japan (Shogunate)
1691–1695
Peter II of Portugal
Portugal
1691–1695
Pope Innocent XII
Papacy
1691–1695
Charles XI of Sweden
Sweden
1691–1695
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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