The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Louis XIV of France
France
1687–1691
Aurangzeb
Mughal Empire
1687–1691
Kangxi Emperor
China
1687–1691
Charles II of Spain
Spain
1687–1691
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1687–1691
Emperor Higashiyama
Japan
1687–1691
Tokugawa Tsunayoshi
Japan (Shogunate)
1687–1691
Peter II of Portugal
Portugal
1687–1691
Charles XI of Sweden
Sweden
1687–1691
William III of England
England
1689–1691
Mary II of England
England
1689–1691
Mary II of England
Scotland
1689–1691
Pope Innocent XI
Papacy
1687–1689
James II of England
England
1687–1688
Pope Alexander VIII
Papacy
1689–1691
James II of England
Scotland
1687–1688
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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