A History of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire
A. R. Disney
Afonso II, charters, towns, and royal authority in thirteenth-century Portugal.
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
James I of Aragon
Spain
1213–1223
Minamoto no Sanetomo
Japan (Shogunate)
1211–1219
John, King of England
England
1211–1216
Ferdinand III of Castille
Spain
1217–1223
Philip II of France
France
1211–1223
Emperor Ningzong of Song
China
1211–1223
Johan Sverkersson
Sweden
1216–1222
Theodore I Laskaris
Rome
1211–1222
Henry I of Castile
Spain
1214–1217
Erik Knutsson
Sweden
1211–1216
Alfonso VIII of Castile
Spain
1211–1214
Peter II of Aragon
Spain
1211–1213
Emperor Juntoku
Japan
1211–1221
Emperor Xuanzong of Jin
China
1213–1223
Alexander II of Scotland
Scotland
1214–1223
Henry III of England
England
1216–1223
Erik Eriksson
Sweden
1222–1223
Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1211–1218
Pope Honorius III
Papacy
1216–1223
Pope Innocent III
Papacy
1211–1216
William the Lion
Scotland
1211–1214
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1220–1223
John III Doukas Vatatzes
Rome
1221–1223
Wanyan Yongji
China
1211–1213
Emperor Go-Horikawa
Japan
1221–1223
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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Further Reading
Well-regarded biographies and histories to go deeper on Afonso II of Portugal's life and times.
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