
Recommended read
A History of Japan: From Stone Age to Superpower
Mikiso Hane & Louis Perez
A clear textbook-style history covering emperors, shoguns, and Japan's modern transformation.

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Louis XIV of France
France
1643–1715

Mehmed IV
Ottoman Empire
1648–1687

Aurangzeb
Mughal Empire
1658–1707

Shah Jahan
Mughal Empire
1628–1658

Philip IV of Spain
Spain
1621–1665

Charles II of England
England
1660–1685

Tokugawa Ietsuna
Japan (Shogunate)
1651–1680

Kangxi Emperor
China
1661–1722

Pope Alexander VII
Papacy
1655–1667
Yongli Emperor
China
1646–1662

Shunzhi Emperor
China
1644–1661

Oliver Cromwell
England
1653–1658

Afonso VI of Portugal
Portugal
1656–1683

Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1658–1705

Charles X Gustav of Sweden
Sweden
1654–1660

Richard Cromwell
England
1658–1659

Charles II of England
Scotland
1660–1685

Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1637–1657

Charles XI of Sweden
Sweden
1660–1697

John IV of Portugal
Portugal
1640–1656
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.

Recommended read
Mikiso Hane & Louis Perez
A clear textbook-style history covering emperors, shoguns, and Japan's modern transformation.
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