The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
James I of Aragon
Spain
1213–1224
Afonso II of Portugal
Portugal
1213–1223
Ferdinand III of Castille
Spain
1217–1224
Johan Sverkersson
Sweden
1216–1222
Emperor Ningzong of Song
China
1213–1224
Philip II of France
France
1213–1223
Minamoto no Sanetomo
Japan (Shogunate)
1213–1219
John, King of England
England
1213–1216
Henry I of Castile
Spain
1214–1217
Alexander II of Scotland
Scotland
1214–1224
Theodore I Laskaris
Rome
1213–1222
Henry III of England
England
1216–1224
Erik Knutsson
Sweden
1213–1216
Emperor Juntoku
Japan
1213–1221
Erik Eriksson
Sweden
1222–1224
Pope Honorius III
Papacy
1216–1224
Sancho II of Portugal
Portugal
1223–1224
Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1213–1218
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1220–1224
John III Doukas Vatatzes
Rome
1221–1224
Pope Innocent III
Papacy
1213–1216
Emperor Go-Horikawa
Japan
1221–1224
Louis VIII of France
France
1223–1224
William the Lion
Scotland
1213–1214
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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