The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
John, King of England
England
1205–1216
Minamoto no Sanetomo
Japan (Shogunate)
1205–1219
Alfonso VIII of Castile
Spain
1205–1214
James I of Aragon
Spain
1213–1222
Afonso II of Portugal
Portugal
1211–1222
Peter II of Aragon
Spain
1205–1213
Philip II of France
France
1205–1222
Emperor Ningzong of Song
China
1205–1222
Erik Knutsson
Sweden
1208–1216
Ferdinand III of Castille
Spain
1217–1222
Sancho I of Portugal
Portugal
1205–1211
Henry I of Castile
Spain
1214–1217
Johan Sverkersson
Sweden
1216–1222
Pope Innocent III
Papacy
1205–1216
Emperor Juntoku
Japan
1210–1221
William the Lion
Scotland
1205–1214
Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1209–1218
Emperor Xuanzong of Jin
China
1213–1222
Alexander II of Scotland
Scotland
1214–1222
Henry III of England
England
1216–1222
Emperor Tsuchimikado
Japan
1205–1210
Pope Honorius III
Papacy
1216–1222
Wanyan Yongji
China
1209–1213
Emperor Zhangzong of Jin
China
1205–1209
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1220–1222
Sverker II of Sweden
Sweden
1205–1208
Nicholas Laskaris
Rome
1208–1210
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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