Recommended read
The Holy Roman Empire
Peter H. Wilson
Otto IV of Brunswick, Welf rival to the Hohenstaufen and loser at Bouvines.
Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
- Life
- 1175–1218
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
John, King of England
England
1199–1216
Minamoto no Sanetomo
Japan (Shogunate)
1203–1219
Afonso II of Portugal
Portugal
1211–1223
Erik Knutsson
Sweden
1208–1216
Alfonso VIII of Castile
Spain
1158–1214
James I of Aragon
Spain
1213–1276
Philip II of France
France
1180–1223
Peter II of Aragon
Spain
1196–1213
Emperor Ningzong of Song
China
1194–1224
Theodore I Laskaris
Rome
1205–1222
Henry I of Castile
Spain
1214–1217
Sancho I of Portugal
Portugal
1185–1211
Pope Innocent III
Papacy
1198–1216
Emperor Juntoku
Japan
1210–1221
Ferdinand III of Castille
Spain
1217–1230
Johan Sverkersson
Sweden
1216–1222
William the Lion
Scotland
1165–1214
Wanyan Yongji
China
1209–1213
Emperor Xuanzong of Jin
China
1213–1224
Alexander II of Scotland
Scotland
1214–1249
Henry III of England
England
1216–1272
Emperor Tsuchimikado
Japan
1198–1210
Pope Honorius III
Papacy
1216–1227
Nicholas Laskaris
Rome
1208–1210
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Go deeper on Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.
Heart of Europe: A History of the Holy Roman Empire
Peter H. Wilson
The standard modern history of the empire and its emperors, from Charlemagne to Napoleon.
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The Holy Roman Empire: A Thousand Years of Europe's History
Peter H. Wilson
Wilson's shorter, more accessible retelling of the empire's politics, faith, and dynasties.
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