Recommended read
Heart of Europe: A History of the Holy Roman Empire
Peter H. Wilson
The standard modern history of the empire and its emperors, from Charlemagne to Napoleon.
Louis IV of Bavaria
- Life
- 1286–1347
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Edward III of England
England
1327–1377
Orhan
Ottoman Empire
1326–1362
Afonso IV of Portugal
Portugal
1325–1357
Philip VI of France
France
1328–1350
Ashikaga Takauji
Japan (Shogunate)
1338–1358
David II of Scotland
Scotland
1329–1371
Magnus IV of Sweden
Sweden
1319–1364
Toghon Temür
China
1333–1368
Andronikos III Palaiologos
Rome
1328–1341
Peter IV of Aragon
Spain
1336–1387
Emperor Go-Daigo
Japan
1318–1339
Alfonso IV of Aragon
Spain
1327–1336
Emperor Go-Murakami
Japan
1339–1368
Pope Benedict XII
Papacy
1335–1342
John V Palaiologos
Rome
1341–1376; 1379–1390; 1390–1391
Pope John XXII
Papacy
1316–1334
Jayaatu Khan
China
1328–1329; 1329–1332
Pope Clement VI
Papacy
1342–1352
Edward Balliol
Scotland
1332–1336
Robert I of Scotland
Scotland
1306–1329
Prince Morikuni
Japan (Shogunate)
1308–1333
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Go deeper on Louis IV of Bavaria
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