Recommended read
A History of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire
A. R. Disney
Afonso IV, Inês de Castro, civil war, and fourteenth-century court politics.
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Orhan
Ottoman Empire
1326–1362
Edward III of England
England
1327–1377
Ashikaga Takauji
Japan (Shogunate)
1338–1358
Magnus IV of Sweden
Sweden
1319–1364
David II of Scotland
Scotland
1329–1371
Toghon Temür
China
1333–1368
Philip VI of France
France
1328–1350
Peter IV of Aragon
Spain
1336–1387
Louis IV of Bavaria
Holy Roman Empire
1328–1347
John V Palaiologos
Rome
1341–1376; 1379–1390; 1390–1391
Emperor Go-Murakami
Japan
1339–1368
Andronikos III Palaiologos
Rome
1328–1341
Emperor Go-Daigo
Japan
1318–1339
John II of France
France
1350–1364
Alfonso IV of Aragon
Spain
1327–1336
John VI Kantakouzenos
Rome
1347–1354
Pope Clement VI
Papacy
1342–1352
Pope John XXII
Papacy
1316–1334
Charles IV of France
France
1322–1328
Yesün Temür Khan
China
1323–1328
Pope Benedict XII
Papacy
1335–1342
Jayaatu Khan
China
1328–1329; 1329–1332
James II of Aragon
Spain
1291–1327
Edward II of England
England
1307–1327
Andronikos II Palaiologos
Rome
1282–1328
Robert I of Scotland
Scotland
1306–1329
Emperor Go-Kōgon
Japan
1352–1371
Edward Balliol
Scotland
1332–1336
Charles IV
Holy Roman Empire
1355–1378
Pope Innocent VI
Papacy
1353–1362
Prince Morikuni
Japan (Shogunate)
1308–1333
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Go deeper on Afonso IV of Portugal
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.
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