A History of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire
A. R. Disney
Denis the Farmer King, poetry, agriculture, and medieval Portuguese state-building.
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Edward I of England
England
1279–1307
Osman I
Ottoman Empire
1299–1324
Kublai Khan
China
1279–1294
Andronikos II Palaiologos
Rome
1282–1325
James II of Aragon
Spain
1291–1325
Alfonso III of Aragon
Spain
1285–1291
Philip IV of France
France
1285–1314
Pope Martin IV
Papacy
1281–1285
Birger, King of Sweden
Sweden
1290–1319
Edward II of England
England
1307–1325
Robert I of Scotland
Scotland
1306–1325
Temür Khan
China
1294–1307
Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan
China
1311–1320
Philip III of France
France
1279–1285
Philip V of France
France
1316–1322
Prince Hisaaki
Japan (Shogunate)
1289–1308
Emperor Fushimi
Japan
1287–1298
Charles IV of France
France
1322–1325
Emperor Hanazono
Japan
1308–1318
Prince Morikuni
Japan (Shogunate)
1308–1325
Emperor Go-Uda
Japan
1279–1287
Külüg Khan
China
1307–1311
Magnus III of Sweden
Sweden
1279–1290
Alexander III of Scotland
Scotland
1279–1286
Pope Boniface VIII
Papacy
1295–1303
Pope Clement V
Papacy
1305–1314
Gegeen Khan
China
1320–1323
Michael VIII Palaiologos
Rome
1279–1282
Pope John XXII
Papacy
1316–1325
Emperor Go-Nijō
Japan
1301–1308
Emperor Go-Daigo
Japan
1318–1325
Margaret, Maid of Norway
Scotland
1286–1290
John of Scotland
Scotland
1292–1296
Pope Nicholas IV
Papacy
1288–1292
Emperor Go-Fushimi
Japan
1298–1301
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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Further Reading
Well-regarded biographies and histories to go deeper on Denis I of Portugal's life and times.
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