A History of Medieval Spain
Joseph F. O'Callaghan
Alfonso III and the consolidation of Aragonese power in the late thirteenth century.
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Edward I of England
England
1285–1291
Kublai Khan
China
1285–1291
Denis I of Portugal
Portugal
1285–1291
Andronikos II Palaiologos
Rome
1285–1291
Philip IV of France
France
1285–1291
Magnus III of Sweden
Sweden
1285–1290
Margaret, Maid of Norway
Scotland
1286–1290
Emperor Fushimi
Japan
1287–1291
Emperor Go-Uda
Japan
1285–1287
Pope Nicholas IV
Papacy
1288–1291
Pope Honorius IV
Papacy
1285–1287
Philip III of France
France
1285–1285
Alexander III of Scotland
Scotland
1285–1286
Prince Hisaaki
Japan (Shogunate)
1289–1291
Birger, King of Sweden
Sweden
1290–1291
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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Further Reading
Well-regarded biographies and histories to go deeper on Alfonso III of Aragon's life and times.
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