
Mary, Queen of Scots
Antonia Fraser
A well-regarded work on Mary, Queen of Scots and scottish history, useful for going deeper beyond this page.

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Suleiman the Magnificent
Ottoman Empire
1542–1566

Akbar
Mughal Empire
1556–1567

Jiajing Emperor of Ming
China
1542–1567

Elizabeth I of England
England
1558–1567

Mary I
England
1553–1558

Henry VIII of England
England
1542–1547

Selim II
Ottoman Empire
1566–1567

Ashikaga Yoshiteru
Japan (Shogunate)
1547–1565

Henry II of France
France
1547–1559

Gustav I of Sweden
Sweden
1542–1560

Charles V
Spain
1542–1556

Emperor Go-Nara
Japan
1542–1557

Charles V
Holy Roman Empire
1542–1556

John III of Portugal
Portugal
1542–1557

Philip II of Spain
Spain
1556–1567

Charles IX of France
France
1560–1567

Emperor Ōgimachi
Japan
1557–1567

Sebastian, King of Portugal
Portugal
1557–1567

Edward VI of England
England
1547–1553

Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1556–1564

Francis I of France
France
1542–1547

Pope Paul III
Papacy
1542–1549

Pope Pius IV
Papacy
1560–1565

Francis II of France
France
1559–1560

Erik XIV
Sweden
1560–1567

Pope Julius III
Papacy
1550–1555

Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1564–1567

Pope Paul IV
Papacy
1555–1559

Ashikaga Yoshiharu
Japan (Shogunate)
1542–1547

Pope Pius V
Papacy
1566–1567
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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Well-regarded biographies and histories to go deeper on Mary, Queen of Scots's life and times.

Antonia Fraser
A well-regarded work on Mary, Queen of Scots and scottish history, useful for going deeper beyond this page.

Jane Dunn
A well-regarded work on Mary, Queen of Scots and scottish history, useful for going deeper beyond this page.
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