
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Suleiman the Magnificent
Ottoman Empire
1526–1557

Henry VIII of England
England
1526–1547

Jiajing Emperor of Ming
China
1526–1557

Charles V
Spain
1526–1556

Humayun
Mughal Empire
1531–1540

Charles V
Holy Roman Empire
1526–1556

John III of Portugal
Portugal
1526–1557

Gustav I of Sweden
Sweden
1526–1557

Babur
Mughal Empire
1526–1531

Mary I
England
1553–1557

Francis I of France
France
1526–1547

Akbar
Mughal Empire
1556–1557

Ashikaga Yoshiharu
Japan (Shogunate)
1526–1547

James V of Scotland
Scotland
1526–1542

Mary, Queen of Scots
Scotland
1542–1557

Henry II of France
France
1547–1557

Pope Paul III
Papacy
1534–1549

Edward VI of England
England
1547–1553

Ashikaga Yoshiteru
Japan (Shogunate)
1547–1557

Pope Clement VII
Papacy
1526–1534

Philip II of Spain
Spain
1556–1557

Pope Julius III
Papacy
1550–1555

Pope Paul IV
Papacy
1555–1557
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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