Frederick William IV of Prussia

Reign: 1840 – 1861
Life: 1795–1861

He feared revolutions, and his ideal state was one governed by the Christian estates of the realm rather than a constitutional monarchy. In spite of his conservative political philosophy, he initially pursued a moderate policy of easing press censorship, releasing political prisoners and reconciling with the Catholic population of the kingdom. In December 1848, he dissolved the Prussian National Assembly when he found its constitutional proposals too radical. At the urging of his ministry, which wanted to prevent a renewal of unrest, he imposed a constitution with a parliament and a strong monarch. He then used the Prussian military to help put down revolutionary forces throughout the German Confederation. Frederick William IV had an artistic nature and an interest in architecture.

During Frederick William IV of Prussia's reign, Isabella II of Spain ruled Spain, Nicholas I of Russia ruled Russia, and Maria II of Portugal ruled Portugal.

Further reading: Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947 by Christopher Clark

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