
Recommended read
A Brief History of the Samurai
Jonathan Clements
A lively introduction to Japan's warrior rulers and the shogunates they led.
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Isabella II of Spain
Spain
1833–1868

Nicholas I of Russia
Russia
1825–1855

Maria II of Portugal
Portugal
1826–1828; 1834–1853

Frederick William IV of Prussia
Prussia
1840–1861

Ferdinand I of Austria
Austria
1835–1848

Victoria
Great Britain
1837–1901

William II of the Netherlands
Netherlands
1840–1849

Bahadur Shah Zafar
Mughal Empire
1837–1857

Abdülmecid I
Ottoman Empire
1839–1861

Daoguang Emperor
China
1820–1850

Franz Joseph I of Austria
Austria
1848–1916

William I of the Netherlands
Netherlands
1815–1840

William III of the Netherlands
Netherlands
1849–1890

Frederick William III of Prussia
Prussia
1797–1840

Emperor Ninkō
Japan
1817–1846

Pope Gregory XVI
Papacy
1831–1846

Oscar I of Sweden
Sweden
1844–1859

Emperor Kōmei
Japan
1846–1867

Pope Pius IX
Papacy
1846–1878

Charles XIV John of Sweden
Sweden
1818–1844

Xianfeng Emperor
China
1850–1861

Mahmud II
Ottoman Empire
1808–1839

Hong Xiuquan
China
1851–1864

Akbar Shah II
Mughal Empire
1806–1837
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
By subscribing you agree to receive emails from us. See our Privacy Policy. Unsubscribe any time.
From the library
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.

Recommended read
Jonathan Clements
A lively introduction to Japan's warrior rulers and the shogunates they led.
Some book links on this site point to Amazon. As an Amazon Associate, WhoWasRuling.com may earn from qualifying purchases.