Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
- Life
- 1552–1612
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Akbar
Mughal Empire
1576–1605
Elizabeth I of England
England
1576–1603
Murad III
Ottoman Empire
1576–1595
Wanli Emperor
China
1576–1612
John III of Sweden
Sweden
1576–1592
James VI and I
England
1603–1612
Ahmed I
Ottoman Empire
1603–1612
Mehmed III
Ottoman Empire
1595–1603
Jahangir I
Mughal Empire
1605–1612
Henry IV of France
France
1589–1610
James VI and I
Scotland
1587–1612
Philip II of Spain
Spain
1576–1598
Emperor Go-Yōzei
Japan
1586–1611
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Japan (Shogunate)
1603–1605
Henry III of France
France
1576–1589
Philip II of Spain
Portugal
1580–1598
Philip III of Spain
Spain
1598–1612
Philip III of Spain
Portugal
1598–1612
Pope Clement VIII
Papacy
1592–1605
Ashikaga Yoshiaki
Japan (Shogunate)
1576–1588
Emperor Ōgimachi
Japan
1576–1586
Pope Gregory XIII
Papacy
1576–1585
Louis XIII of France
France
1610–1612
Pope Paul V
Papacy
1605–1612
Tokugawa Hidetada
Japan (Shogunate)
1605–1612
Charles IX of Sweden
Sweden
1604–1611
Pope Sixtus V
Papacy
1585–1590
Sigismund III Vasa
Sweden
1592–1599
Sebastian, King of Portugal
Portugal
1576–1578
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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