
Tokugawa Ieyasu: The Shogun Who United Japan
Stephen Turnbull
Turnbull on the victor of Sekigahara who closed the Sengoku era and founded the Edo shogunate.
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Ahmed I
Ottoman Empire
1603–1605

Akbar
Mughal Empire
1603–1605

James VI and I
England
1603–1605

Mehmed III
Ottoman Empire
1603–1603

Henry IV of France
France
1603–1605

Wanli Emperor
China
1603–1605

Philip III of Spain
Spain
1603–1605

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1603–1605

James VI and I
Scotland
1603–1605

Emperor Go-Yōzei
Japan
1603–1605

Philip III of Spain
Portugal
1603–1605

Pope Clement VIII
Papacy
1603–1605

Elizabeth I of England
England
1603–1603

Charles IX of Sweden
Sweden
1604–1605
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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Well-regarded biographies and histories to go deeper on Tokugawa Ieyasu's life and times.

Stephen Turnbull
Turnbull on the victor of Sekigahara who closed the Sengoku era and founded the Edo shogunate.

A. L. Sadler
Sadler's classic biography, dated in parts but still rich on Ieyasu's politics and character.
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