The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Francis I of Austria
Austria
1823–1829
Frederick William III of Prussia
Prussia
1823–1829
William I of the Netherlands
Netherlands
1823–1829
Nicholas I of Russia
Russia
1825–1829
Louis XVIII of France
France
1823–1824
George IV of the United Kingdom
Great Britain
1823–1829
Alexander I of Russia
Russia
1823–1825
Mahmud II
Ottoman Empire
1823–1829
Akbar Shah II
Mughal Empire
1823–1829
Daoguang Emperor
China
1823–1829
Ferdinand VII of Spain
Spain
1823–1829
Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
Austria
1823–1829
Emperor Ninkō
Japan
1823–1829
Tokugawa Ienari
Japan (Shogunate)
1823–1829
Maria II of Portugal
Portugal
1826–1828
Charles X of France
France
1824–1829
Charles XIV John of Sweden
Sweden
1823–1829
John VI of Portugal
Portugal
1823–1826
Miguel I of Portugal
Portugal
1828–1829
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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