
Napoleon I
- Life
- 1769–1821
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Francis I of Austria
Austria
1804–1814

Alexander I of Russia
Russia
1804–1814

Frederick William III of Prussia
Prussia
1804–1814

Selim III
Ottoman Empire
1799–1804

George III of Great Britain
Great Britain
1799–1801

Paul I of Russia
Russia
1799–1801

Jiaqing Emperor
China
1804–1814

Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
Austria
1804–1814

Emperor Kōkaku
Japan
1804–1814

Tokugawa Ienari
Japan (Shogunate)
1804–1814

Maria I of Portugal
Portugal
1804–1814

Pope Pius VII
Papacy
1804–1814

Akbar Shah II
Mughal Empire
1806–1814

Joseph Bonaparte
Spain
1808–1813

Mahmud II
Ottoman Empire
1808–1814

Shah Alam II
Mughal Empire
1799–1804

Charles IV of Spain
Spain
1799–1804

Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1799–1804

Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden
Sweden
1804–1809

Charles XIII of Sweden
Sweden
1809–1814

Mustafa IV
Ottoman Empire
1807–1808
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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