
Recommended read
SPQR: A History of Ancient Rome
Mary Beard
Beard's acclaimed introduction to Roman politics and emperors, readable and wide-ranging.

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

William the Conqueror
England
1066–1087

Sancho II of León and Castile
Spain
1065–1072

Philip I of France
France
1060–1108

Malcolm III of Scotland
Scotland
1058–1093

Alfonso VI of León and Castile
Spain
1072–1109
Emperor Daozong of Liao
China
1055–1101

Emperor Shenzong of Song
China
1067–1085

Michael VII Doukas
Rome
1067–1078

Pope Alexander II
Papacy
1061–1073

Constantine X Doukas
Rome
1059–1067

Emperor Go-Reizei
Japan
1045–1068

Edward the Confessor
England
1042–1066

Emperor Yingzong of Song
China
1063–1067

Emperor Renzong of Song
China
1022–1063

Emperor Shirakawa
Japan
1073–1087

Emperor Go-Sanjō
Japan
1068–1073

Stenkil
Sweden
1060–1066

Romanos IV Diogenes
Rome
1068–1071

Pope Gregory VII
Papacy
1073–1085

Andronikos Doukas
Rome
1068–1070
Eric the Pagan
Sweden
1066–1067
Eric Stenkilsson
Sweden
1066–1067

Pope Nicholas II
Papacy
1059–1061
Anund Gårdske
Sweden
1070–1075
Halsten Stenkilsson
Sweden
1067–1070
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.

Recommended read
Mary Beard
Beard's acclaimed introduction to Roman politics and emperors, readable and wide-ranging.

John Julius Norwich
A narrative survey of the Eastern Roman emperors from Constantine to the fall of Constantinople.
Find on Amazon
Tom Holland
A gripping account of the republic's last century, essential background to the imperial age.
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