The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
William the Conqueror
England
1070–1075
Sancho II of León and Castile
Spain
1070–1072
Philip I of France
France
1070–1075
Alfonso VI of León and Castile
Spain
1072–1075
Emperor Shenzong of Song
China
1070–1075
Konstantios Doukas
Rome
1070–1075
Michael VII Doukas
Rome
1070–1075
Malcolm III of Scotland
Scotland
1070–1075
Emperor Daozong of Liao
China
1070–1075
Pope Alexander II
Papacy
1070–1073
Emperor Go-Sanjō
Japan
1070–1073
Emperor Shirakawa
Japan
1073–1075
Pope Gregory VII
Papacy
1073–1075
Romanos IV Diogenes
Rome
1070–1071
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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