The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Edward the Confessor
England
1060–1066
Constantine X Doukas
Rome
1060–1066
Konstantios Doukas
Rome
1060–1066
Philip I of France
France
1060–1066
Malcolm III of Scotland
Scotland
1060–1066
Emperor Go-Reizei
Japan
1060–1066
Emperor Daozong of Liao
China
1060–1066
Sancho II of León and Castile
Spain
1065–1066
Pope Alexander II
Papacy
1061–1066
Emperor Renzong of Song
China
1060–1063
Emperor Yingzong of Song
China
1063–1066
Henry I of France
France
1060–1060
Pope Nicholas II
Papacy
1060–1061
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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