
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Charles VII of France
France
1425–1448

Henry VI of England
England
1425–1448

Murad II
Ottoman Empire
1425–1444

Ashikaga Yoshinori
Japan (Shogunate)
1429–1441

Alfonso V of Aragon
Spain
1425–1448

Afonso V of Portugal
Portugal
1438–1448

John I of Portugal
Portugal
1425–1433

Emperor Go-Hanazono
Japan
1428–1448

Edward, King of Portugal
Portugal
1433–1438

Mehmed II
Ottoman Empire
1444–1446

Pope Eugene IV
Papacy
1431–1447

Emperor Yingzong of Ming
China
1435–1448

James I of Scotland
Scotland
1425–1437

Xuande Emperor
China
1425–1435

James II of Scotland
Scotland
1437–1448

Erik of Pomerania
Sweden
1425–1434

Pope Martin V
Papacy
1425–1431

Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1433–1437

Christopher of Bavaria
Sweden
1441–1448

Emperor Shōkō
Japan
1425–1428
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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