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The Last Mughal
William Dalrymple
Muhammad Shah's long reign saw Nader Shah's sack of Delhi, prelude to the dynasty's end.
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Frederick William I of Prussia
Prussia
1713–1740
Louis XV of France
France
1715–1774
Anna I of Russia
Russia
1730–1740
John V of Portugal
Portugal
1706–1750
Elizabeth I of Russia
Russia
1741–1762
Frederick I of Sweden
Sweden
1720–1751
Frederick II of Prussia
Prussia
1740–1786
Tokugawa Yoshimune
Japan (Shogunate)
1716–1745
Philip V of Spain
Spain
1700–1706; 1714–1724; 1724–1746
George II of Great Britain
Great Britain
1727–1760
Kangxi Emperor
China
1661–1722
Peter the Great
Russia
1721–1725
Peter II of Russia
Russia
1727–1730
Catherine I of Russia
Russia
1725–1727
Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1711–1740
Mahmud I
Ottoman Empire
1730–1754
Yongzheng Emperor
China
1722–1735
Qianlong Emperor
China
1735–1796
Emperor Nakamikado
Japan
1709–1735
Ahmed III
Ottoman Empire
1703–1730
Emperor Sakuramachi
Japan
1735–1747
George I of Great Britain
Great Britain
1714–1727
Pope Clement XII
Papacy
1730–1740
Pope Benedict XIV
Papacy
1740–1758
Pope Benedict XIII
Papacy
1724–1730
Ferdinand VI of Spain
Spain
1746–1759
Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1742–1745
Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1745–1765
Tokugawa Ieshige
Japan (Shogunate)
1745–1760
Pope Innocent XIII
Papacy
1721–1724
Pope Clement XI
Papacy
1700–1721
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Go deeper on Muhammad Shah
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.
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