The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Anund Jacob
Sweden
1037–1040
Conrad II
Holy Roman Empire
1037–1039
Henry I of France
France
1037–1040
Emperor Renzong of Song
China
1037–1040
Michael IV the Paphlagonian
Rome
1037–1040
Emperor Go-Suzaku
Japan
1037–1040
Pope Benedict IX
Papacy
1037–1040
Emperor Xingzong of Liao
China
1037–1040
Duncan I of Scotland
Scotland
1037–1040
Macbeth, King of Scotland
Scotland
1040–1040
Macbeth
Scotland
1040–1040
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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