Explore who held power in each world throne this year.

England
Henry III of England
all year
Western Europe
Scotland
Alexander III of Scotland
all year
Western Europe

France
Louis IX of France
all year
Western Europe

Spain
James I of Aragon
all year
Western Europe
Portugal
Afonso III of Portugal
all year
Western Europe

Sweden
Valdemar, King of Sweden
all year
Northern Europe

Rome
John III Doukas Vatatzes
until 10 Nov
Mediterranean

Papacy
Pope Innocent IV
until 14 Dec
Southern Europe

China
Emperor Lizong of Song
all year
East Asia

Japan
Emperor Go-Fukakusa
all year
East Asia

Japan (Shogunate)
Prince Munetaka
all year
East Asia