
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Frederick II of Prussia
Prussia
1758–1769

George III of Great Britain
Great Britain
1760–1769

Catherine II of Russia
Russia
1762–1769

Louis XV of France
France
1758–1769

Mustafa III
Ottoman Empire
1758–1769

Qianlong Emperor
China
1758–1769

Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1765–1769

Elizabeth I of Russia
Russia
1758–1762

Charles III of Spain
Spain
1759–1769

Joseph I of Portugal
Portugal
1758–1769

Adolf Fredrik of Sweden
Sweden
1758–1769

Shah Alam II
Mughal Empire
1760–1769

Tokugawa Ieharu
Japan (Shogunate)
1760–1769
Peter III of Russia
Russia
1762–1762

Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1758–1765

Empress Go-Sakuramachi
Japan
1762–1769

Emperor Momozono
Japan
1758–1762

George II of Great Britain
Great Britain
1758–1760

Alamgir II
Mughal Empire
1758–1759

Ferdinand VI of Spain
Spain
1758–1759

Shah Jahan III
Mughal Empire
1759–1760

Tokugawa Ieshige
Japan (Shogunate)
1758–1760
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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