The Mughal Empire
John F. Richards
Richards on the titular emperors of the mid-eighteenth century, authority without power.
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Elizabeth I of Russia
Russia
1759–1760
Frederick II of Prussia
Prussia
1759–1760
Louis XV of France
France
1759–1760
George II of Great Britain
Great Britain
1759–1760
Mustafa III
Ottoman Empire
1759–1760
Qianlong Emperor
China
1759–1760
Charles III of Spain
Spain
1759–1760
Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1759–1760
Emperor Momozono
Japan
1759–1760
Joseph I of Portugal
Portugal
1759–1760
Pope Clement XIII
Papacy
1759–1760
Adolf Fredrik of Sweden
Sweden
1759–1760
Tokugawa Ieharu
Japan (Shogunate)
1760–1760
Tokugawa Ieshige
Japan (Shogunate)
1759–1760
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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Further Reading
Well-regarded biographies and histories to go deeper on Shah Jahan III's life and times.
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