
Recommended read
Edward the Peacemaker
Jane Ridley
Ridley's prize-winning life of the Edwardian king who rebuilt the monarchy's European diplomacy.

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Franz Joseph I of Austria
Austria
1848–1916

Emperor Meiji
Japan
1867–1912

Wilhelm II
Prussia
1888–1918

Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
Netherlands
1890–1948

Alfonso XIII
Spain
1886–1931

Nicholas II of Russia
Russia
1894–1917

Abdul Hamid II
Ottoman Empire
1876–1909

Guangxu Emperor
China
1875–1908

Carlos I of Portugal
Portugal
1889–1908

Pope Pius X
Papacy
1903–1914

Oscar II of Sweden
Sweden
1872–1907

Puyi
China
1908–1912; 1917–1917

Pope Leo XIII
Papacy
1878–1903

Mehmed V
Ottoman Empire
1909–1918

Manuel II of Portugal
Portugal
1908–1910

Gustaf V of Sweden
Sweden
1907–1950
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.

Recommended read
Jane Ridley
Ridley's prize-winning life of the Edwardian king who rebuilt the monarchy's European diplomacy.
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