The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.
Alfonso VI of León and Castile
Spain
1088–1099
Alexios I Komnenos
Rome
1088–1099
Henry IV
Holy Roman Empire
1088–1099
Blot-Sweyn
Sweden
1088–1099
Philip I of France
France
1088–1099
William II of England
England
1088–1099
Emperor Zhezong of Song
China
1088–1099
Emperor Horikawa
Japan
1088–1099
Emperor Daozong of Liao
China
1088–1099
Malcolm III of Scotland
Scotland
1088–1093
Donald III of Scotland
Scotland
1094–1097
Edgar, King of Scotland
Scotland
1097–1099
Edmund of Scotland
Scotland
1094–1097
Duncan II of Scotland
Scotland
1094–1094
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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