
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Henry VII of England
England
1503–1503

Bayezid II
Ottoman Empire
1503–1503

Louis XII of France
France
1503–1503

Hongzhi Emperor
China
1503–1503

Ferdinand II of Aragon
Spain
1503–1503

James IV of Scotland
Scotland
1503–1503

Emperor Go-Kashiwabara
Japan
1503–1503

Ashikaga Yoshizumi
Japan (Shogunate)
1503–1503

Manuel I of Portugal
Portugal
1503–1503
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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