Explore who held power in each world throne this year.

England
Henry VIII of England
all year
Western Europe

Scotland
James V of Scotland
all year
Western Europe

France
Francis I of France
all year
Western Europe

Spain
Charles V
all year
Western Europe

Portugal
Manuel I of Portugal
all year
Western Europe

Sweden
Christian II of Denmark
all year
Northern Europe

Holy Roman Empire
Charles V
all year
Central Europe

Papacy
Pope Leo X
all year
Southern Europe

Ottoman Empire
Selim I
until 2 Oct
Eastern Mediterranean

China
Zhengde Emperor
all year
East Asia

Japan
Emperor Go-Kashiwabara
all year
East Asia

Japan (Shogunate)
Ashikaga Yoshitane
all year
East Asia