
The World During Their Reign
The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

James VI and I
England
1605–1605

Ahmed I
Ottoman Empire
1605–1605

Akbar
Mughal Empire
1605–1605

Henry IV of France
France
1605–1605

Wanli Emperor
China
1605–1605

Philip III of Spain
Spain
1605–1605

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1605–1605

James VI and I
Scotland
1605–1605

Emperor Go-Yōzei
Japan
1605–1605

Philip III of Spain
Portugal
1605–1605

Charles IX of Sweden
Sweden
1605–1605
Meanwhile in history
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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