
Recommended read
Osman's Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire 1300–1923
Caroline Finkel
A modern narrative history of the sultans and the empire they ruled for six centuries.

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Elizabeth I of Russia
Russia
1741–1762

Frederick II of Prussia
Prussia
1740–1786

Louis XV of France
France
1715–1774

George II of Great Britain
Great Britain
1727–1760

Alamgir II
Mughal Empire
1754–1759

Qianlong Emperor
China
1735–1796

Ferdinand VI of Spain
Spain
1746–1759

Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1745–1765

Emperor Momozono
Japan
1747–1762

Tokugawa Ieshige
Japan (Shogunate)
1745–1760

Joseph I of Portugal
Portugal
1750–1777

Pope Benedict XIV
Papacy
1740–1758

Adolf Fredrik of Sweden
Sweden
1751–1771
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.

Recommended read
Caroline Finkel
A modern narrative history of the sultans and the empire they ruled for six centuries.
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