
Recommended read
A History of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire
A. R. Disney
António of Crato, the anti-Philip claimant in the 1580 succession crisis.

The most notable rulers who held power elsewhere at the same time, from European courts to Ottoman, Mughal, and Chinese thrones.

Elizabeth I of England
England
1558–1603

Murad III
Ottoman Empire
1574–1595

Akbar
Mughal Empire
1556–1605

John III of Sweden
Sweden
1568–1592

Henry III of France
France
1574–1589

Wanli Emperor
China
1572–1620

Philip II of Spain
Spain
1556–1598

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire
1576–1612

Emperor Ōgimachi
Japan
1557–1586

Ashikaga Yoshiaki
Japan (Shogunate)
1568–1588

Pope Gregory XIII
Papacy
1572–1585
One “meanwhile in history” story each week: who ruled where, and what was happening on thrones across the world.
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From the library
Hand-picked histories and biographies for readers who want more than the timeline: the same era, told in full.

Recommended read
A. R. Disney
António of Crato, the anti-Philip claimant in the 1580 succession crisis.
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